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Auction archive: Lot number 831

A set of four George II silver-gilt

Estimate
€100,000 - €150,000
ca. US$97,890 - US$146,836
Price realised:
n. a.
Auction archive: Lot number 831

A set of four George II silver-gilt

Estimate
€100,000 - €150,000
ca. US$97,890 - US$146,836
Price realised:
n. a.
Beschreibung:

A set of four George II silver-gilt candlesticks from the Pelham-Clinton service, Paul Crespin after a William Kent design, London, 1745
on square bases with cut corners cast and chased with borders of acanthus leaf-tips below furled double-shells linked by scrolls, the lower stems with bellflower swags rising to leaf-capped octagonal knops and fluted squared baluster stems rising from acanthus spaced by berried bud pendants, tapered cylindrical sconces similarly decorated and topped by bands of Vitruvian scrolls and gadrooned rims, the tops of bases each engraved with the crest, Garter, motto and Earl's coronet, numbered 1-4 and with scratch weights 43=11, 44=12, 43= 5 ½ and 43=12height 11¾in.; weight 183.6 oz ; 29,8 cm ; 5206 gr.__________________________________________________________________________
Ensemble de quatre flambeaux en vermeil du service Pelham-Clinton par Paul Crespin d'après W. Kent, Londres, 1745
sur des bases carrées à pans coupés, moulurées de feuilles d'acanthe et coquilles reliées par des volutes, les fûts balustres carrés cannelés ornés de guirlandes, les appliques décorées de la même manière, le sommet des bases gravé d'armoiriesheight 11¾in.; weight 183.6 oz ; 29,8 cm ; 5206 gr.Condition reportIn overall good condition. Usual minor scrachtes commensurate with age and use. Gilding slighly faded mainly on the base shells.The fixed nozzles with gilding slighlty worn and some scrachtes commensurate with use. Two nozzles with numbering notches.Fully marked inside foot rim.Astonish set and very good weight.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."ProvenanceHenry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9th Earl of Lincoln and 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne; thence by direct family descent until sold;The Property of His Grace The Duke of Newcastle, removed from Clumber, Worksop, Christie's, London, 7 July 1921, lot 53The Collection of Colonel H. H. Mulliner; Christie's, London, 9 July 1924, lot 25 (a pair).Henry Carnegie Phipps (1879-1953) and Gladys Livingston Mills (1883-1970)Ogden Phipps (1908-2002)Ogden Mills Phipps (1940-2016)Christie’s, New York, 28 April 2017, lot 25Koopman Rare Art, 2018____________________________________________
Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9e comte de Lincoln et 2e duc de Newcastle-under-Lyne (transmis à ses descendants)Propriété de Sa Grâce le duc de Newcastle et retiré de Clumber Worksop. Christie's Londres, 7 juillet 1921, lot 53Collection du Colonel H. H. MullinerChristie's Londres, 9 juillet 1924, lot 25 (une paire)Henry Carnegie Phipps (1879-1953) et Gladys Livingston Mills (1883-1970)Ogden Phipps (1908-2002)Christie's New York, 28 avril 2017, lot 25Ogden Mills Phipps (1940-2016)Koopman Rare Art, Londres, 2018LiteratureH.H. Mulliner, The Decorative Arts in England During the Late XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, London, 1923, fig. 125
John F. Hayward, ‘Silver made from the designs of William Kent ’ The Connoisseur, June 1970, pp. 106-110
Elaine Barr, George Wickes Royal Goldsmith 1698-1761, London, 1980, pp. 102-103
Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, p. 539Catalogue noteThe crests are those of Clinton, for Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9th Earl of Lincoln K.G., later 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne. 
9th Earl of Lincoln and 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne.Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton was born in London on 16 April 1720, the second son of Henry Clinton, 7th Earl of Lincoln (1684-1728), and his wife Lucy (d. 1736), daughter of Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham of Laughton (1653?-1712), and sister of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1693-1768). He succeeded as 9th Earl of Lincoln at the age of 10 upon the death of his elder brother in 1730. His guardian, his childless uncle Thomas, under whose protection he lived, considered Lord Lincoln as his heir.
Lord Lincoln, having completed his education at Cambridge and considered one of the handsomest men in Britain, embarked on a Grand Tour. He was joined at Turin by his old schoolfriend, Horace Walpole (1717-1797). The pair argued, however, and Lincoln returned to England; they were never reconciled. Once at home, he began to court his cousin, Catherine (1727-1760), daughter of Henry Pelham (1694-1754), Prime Minister from 1743 until his death. They were married on 3 October 1744.
‘Yesterday [sic] the Right Hon. the Earl of Lincoln was married to Miss Pelham, eldest Daughter to the Right Hon. Henry Pelham Esq; Brother to his Grace the Duke of Newcastle: The Ceremony was perform’d at Mr. Pelham’s House in Arlington-Street, St. James’s; after which they set out to celebrate their Nuptials at Clermont, the Seat of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle.’1
By this union, which resulted in the birth of four sons, Lincoln was heir to both of his uncles. Through their influence he was given various appointments, including, in 1752, a Knight of the Order of the Garter, and between 1760 and 1762 Lord of the Bedchamber to George III. He succeeded as 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne upon the death of his uncle in 1768.
The Duke, who preferred the pleasures of sport and country life to politics, died following a stroke aged 73 on 22 February 1794 at his house in Palace Yard, Westminster. His most significant legacy was the development of a magnificent four thousand acre estate, Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire, which he had inherited in 1768 from the 1st Duke of Newcastle. Although the mansion at Clumber no longer exists, having been twice destroyed by fire and finally dismantled in 1938, the park is now owned by the National Trust.
William KentWilliam Kent (bap. 1686 – 12 April 1748), the architect, painter and designer of gardens, interiors and furnishings, was fortunate to have been commissioned in 1722 by the eminent Whig statesman Henry Pelham to create the interiors of his London residence, 32 Old Burlington Street. Pelham, the 2nd Duke of Newcastle’s father-in-law, was thus Kent’s earliest political patron. In 1741 Pelham again employed Kent, to design another residence, 22 Arlington Street. In fact, Kent counted Pelham among a group of his distinguished friends, bequeathing him ‘The School of Athens,’ a painting after Raphael.2
Earlier, in 1725, Kent was ‘employ’d in making vast Alterations’ for the 1st Duke of Newcastle at Newcastle House, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, the centre of Whig political activity for two decades from the early 1740s. In 1729 Kent was again in the service of the Duke when he was commissioned to work on Newcastle’s country retreat Claremont, a Palladian mansion and its estate near Esher in Surrey.3 As Lord Lincoln the 2nd Duke employed Kent in the 1740s at Oatlands Park, also in Surrey.4
Through the recommendations of his Whig employers, William Kent worked on various public works in addition to their private dwellings. By this means in 1735 Kent was appointed to the positions of deputy surveyor and master mason, which he held until his death in 1748.
The candlesticksThe present candlesticks are thought to have been inspired by one of William Kent’s designs, published in 1744 by John Vardy in Some Designs of Mr. Inigo Jones and Mr. William Kent (pl. 21). The majority of surviving plate known to have been designed by Kent was made under the auspices of the goldsmith, George Wickes including the gold cup and cover of 1736 for Col. James Pelham (1683-1761), who was Private Secretary to Frederick, Prince of Wales and second cousin to both the 1st Duke of Newcastle and Henry Pelham 5
As Lord Lincoln, the 2nd Duke of Newcastle is likely to have purchased the present set of candlesticks in 1744/45 on the occasion of his marriage to Catherine Pelham. The choice of William Kent is not surprising, he having worked closely with both the bride and groom's families.
In 1775, seven years after Lord Lincoln had succeeded his uncle as 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, he ordered a pair of candlesticks from Wickes’s commercial descendants, Parker & Wakelin, recorded in the firm’s Gentleman’s Ledger as ‘a pair of fine candlesticks and nozs. After Kent…. 95ozs. 8 dwts @14/-…£66 15s 7d’. Likewise entries for eight ‘Fine Chased candles’ are listed with scratch weights matching those of the four Crespin candlesticks of 1745 and the 1757 and 1775 pairs made to match in Clumber’s ‘Inventory of Plate Belonging to His Grace the Duke of Newcastle Taken at Clumber 25 August 1791’ by Wakelin & Taylor, goldsmiths of Panton Street, Haymarket, London.6
In 1810 the 3rd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne commissioned Rundell, Bridge & Rundell to fit his pairs of 1757 and 1775 candlesticks with removable two-branch tops, marked by Paul Storr as head of Rundell’s silver factory. These sticks and their branches were in the collection of Lily & Edmond J. Safra, see Sotheby's, New York, 20 October 2011, lot 810.
Storr & Co. presumably cast additional models at this time; a set of four candlesticks, dated 1814-15 are on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum. Another set of four dated 1815, comprising part of the extensive Sutton service, was sold at Christie’s, London, on 31 March 1976, lot 86.
Notes.1. The Daily Post, London, Friday, 12 October 1744, p. 1c2. National Archives, Kew, PROB 11/7613. Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, p. 754. Michael Symes, ‘New Light on Oatlands Park in the Eighteenth Century,’ Garden History, vol. 9, no. 2, Autumn 1981, p. 1365. Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, pp. 75-77, 528; James Lomax, ‘Silver at Castle Howard: Three Hundred Years of Investment and Fashion,’ The Art Quarterly of the NACF, no. 9, Spring 1992, p. 336. University of Nottingham

Auction archive: Lot number 831
Auction:
Datum:
14 Oct 2022
Auction house:
Sotheby's
34-35 New Bond St.
London, W1A 2AA
United Kingdom
+44 (0)20 7293 5000
+44 (0)20 7293 5989
Beschreibung:

A set of four George II silver-gilt candlesticks from the Pelham-Clinton service, Paul Crespin after a William Kent design, London, 1745
on square bases with cut corners cast and chased with borders of acanthus leaf-tips below furled double-shells linked by scrolls, the lower stems with bellflower swags rising to leaf-capped octagonal knops and fluted squared baluster stems rising from acanthus spaced by berried bud pendants, tapered cylindrical sconces similarly decorated and topped by bands of Vitruvian scrolls and gadrooned rims, the tops of bases each engraved with the crest, Garter, motto and Earl's coronet, numbered 1-4 and with scratch weights 43=11, 44=12, 43= 5 ½ and 43=12height 11¾in.; weight 183.6 oz ; 29,8 cm ; 5206 gr.__________________________________________________________________________
Ensemble de quatre flambeaux en vermeil du service Pelham-Clinton par Paul Crespin d'après W. Kent, Londres, 1745
sur des bases carrées à pans coupés, moulurées de feuilles d'acanthe et coquilles reliées par des volutes, les fûts balustres carrés cannelés ornés de guirlandes, les appliques décorées de la même manière, le sommet des bases gravé d'armoiriesheight 11¾in.; weight 183.6 oz ; 29,8 cm ; 5206 gr.Condition reportIn overall good condition. Usual minor scrachtes commensurate with age and use. Gilding slighly faded mainly on the base shells.The fixed nozzles with gilding slighlty worn and some scrachtes commensurate with use. Two nozzles with numbering notches.Fully marked inside foot rim.Astonish set and very good weight.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."ProvenanceHenry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9th Earl of Lincoln and 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne; thence by direct family descent until sold;The Property of His Grace The Duke of Newcastle, removed from Clumber, Worksop, Christie's, London, 7 July 1921, lot 53The Collection of Colonel H. H. Mulliner; Christie's, London, 9 July 1924, lot 25 (a pair).Henry Carnegie Phipps (1879-1953) and Gladys Livingston Mills (1883-1970)Ogden Phipps (1908-2002)Ogden Mills Phipps (1940-2016)Christie’s, New York, 28 April 2017, lot 25Koopman Rare Art, 2018____________________________________________
Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9e comte de Lincoln et 2e duc de Newcastle-under-Lyne (transmis à ses descendants)Propriété de Sa Grâce le duc de Newcastle et retiré de Clumber Worksop. Christie's Londres, 7 juillet 1921, lot 53Collection du Colonel H. H. MullinerChristie's Londres, 9 juillet 1924, lot 25 (une paire)Henry Carnegie Phipps (1879-1953) et Gladys Livingston Mills (1883-1970)Ogden Phipps (1908-2002)Christie's New York, 28 avril 2017, lot 25Ogden Mills Phipps (1940-2016)Koopman Rare Art, Londres, 2018LiteratureH.H. Mulliner, The Decorative Arts in England During the Late XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, London, 1923, fig. 125
John F. Hayward, ‘Silver made from the designs of William Kent ’ The Connoisseur, June 1970, pp. 106-110
Elaine Barr, George Wickes Royal Goldsmith 1698-1761, London, 1980, pp. 102-103
Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, p. 539Catalogue noteThe crests are those of Clinton, for Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton (1720-1794), 9th Earl of Lincoln K.G., later 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne. 
9th Earl of Lincoln and 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne.Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton was born in London on 16 April 1720, the second son of Henry Clinton, 7th Earl of Lincoln (1684-1728), and his wife Lucy (d. 1736), daughter of Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham of Laughton (1653?-1712), and sister of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1693-1768). He succeeded as 9th Earl of Lincoln at the age of 10 upon the death of his elder brother in 1730. His guardian, his childless uncle Thomas, under whose protection he lived, considered Lord Lincoln as his heir.
Lord Lincoln, having completed his education at Cambridge and considered one of the handsomest men in Britain, embarked on a Grand Tour. He was joined at Turin by his old schoolfriend, Horace Walpole (1717-1797). The pair argued, however, and Lincoln returned to England; they were never reconciled. Once at home, he began to court his cousin, Catherine (1727-1760), daughter of Henry Pelham (1694-1754), Prime Minister from 1743 until his death. They were married on 3 October 1744.
‘Yesterday [sic] the Right Hon. the Earl of Lincoln was married to Miss Pelham, eldest Daughter to the Right Hon. Henry Pelham Esq; Brother to his Grace the Duke of Newcastle: The Ceremony was perform’d at Mr. Pelham’s House in Arlington-Street, St. James’s; after which they set out to celebrate their Nuptials at Clermont, the Seat of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle.’1
By this union, which resulted in the birth of four sons, Lincoln was heir to both of his uncles. Through their influence he was given various appointments, including, in 1752, a Knight of the Order of the Garter, and between 1760 and 1762 Lord of the Bedchamber to George III. He succeeded as 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne upon the death of his uncle in 1768.
The Duke, who preferred the pleasures of sport and country life to politics, died following a stroke aged 73 on 22 February 1794 at his house in Palace Yard, Westminster. His most significant legacy was the development of a magnificent four thousand acre estate, Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire, which he had inherited in 1768 from the 1st Duke of Newcastle. Although the mansion at Clumber no longer exists, having been twice destroyed by fire and finally dismantled in 1938, the park is now owned by the National Trust.
William KentWilliam Kent (bap. 1686 – 12 April 1748), the architect, painter and designer of gardens, interiors and furnishings, was fortunate to have been commissioned in 1722 by the eminent Whig statesman Henry Pelham to create the interiors of his London residence, 32 Old Burlington Street. Pelham, the 2nd Duke of Newcastle’s father-in-law, was thus Kent’s earliest political patron. In 1741 Pelham again employed Kent, to design another residence, 22 Arlington Street. In fact, Kent counted Pelham among a group of his distinguished friends, bequeathing him ‘The School of Athens,’ a painting after Raphael.2
Earlier, in 1725, Kent was ‘employ’d in making vast Alterations’ for the 1st Duke of Newcastle at Newcastle House, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, the centre of Whig political activity for two decades from the early 1740s. In 1729 Kent was again in the service of the Duke when he was commissioned to work on Newcastle’s country retreat Claremont, a Palladian mansion and its estate near Esher in Surrey.3 As Lord Lincoln the 2nd Duke employed Kent in the 1740s at Oatlands Park, also in Surrey.4
Through the recommendations of his Whig employers, William Kent worked on various public works in addition to their private dwellings. By this means in 1735 Kent was appointed to the positions of deputy surveyor and master mason, which he held until his death in 1748.
The candlesticksThe present candlesticks are thought to have been inspired by one of William Kent’s designs, published in 1744 by John Vardy in Some Designs of Mr. Inigo Jones and Mr. William Kent (pl. 21). The majority of surviving plate known to have been designed by Kent was made under the auspices of the goldsmith, George Wickes including the gold cup and cover of 1736 for Col. James Pelham (1683-1761), who was Private Secretary to Frederick, Prince of Wales and second cousin to both the 1st Duke of Newcastle and Henry Pelham 5
As Lord Lincoln, the 2nd Duke of Newcastle is likely to have purchased the present set of candlesticks in 1744/45 on the occasion of his marriage to Catherine Pelham. The choice of William Kent is not surprising, he having worked closely with both the bride and groom's families.
In 1775, seven years after Lord Lincoln had succeeded his uncle as 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, he ordered a pair of candlesticks from Wickes’s commercial descendants, Parker & Wakelin, recorded in the firm’s Gentleman’s Ledger as ‘a pair of fine candlesticks and nozs. After Kent…. 95ozs. 8 dwts @14/-…£66 15s 7d’. Likewise entries for eight ‘Fine Chased candles’ are listed with scratch weights matching those of the four Crespin candlesticks of 1745 and the 1757 and 1775 pairs made to match in Clumber’s ‘Inventory of Plate Belonging to His Grace the Duke of Newcastle Taken at Clumber 25 August 1791’ by Wakelin & Taylor, goldsmiths of Panton Street, Haymarket, London.6
In 1810 the 3rd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne commissioned Rundell, Bridge & Rundell to fit his pairs of 1757 and 1775 candlesticks with removable two-branch tops, marked by Paul Storr as head of Rundell’s silver factory. These sticks and their branches were in the collection of Lily & Edmond J. Safra, see Sotheby's, New York, 20 October 2011, lot 810.
Storr & Co. presumably cast additional models at this time; a set of four candlesticks, dated 1814-15 are on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum. Another set of four dated 1815, comprising part of the extensive Sutton service, was sold at Christie’s, London, on 31 March 1976, lot 86.
Notes.1. The Daily Post, London, Friday, 12 October 1744, p. 1c2. National Archives, Kew, PROB 11/7613. Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, p. 754. Michael Symes, ‘New Light on Oatlands Park in the Eighteenth Century,’ Garden History, vol. 9, no. 2, Autumn 1981, p. 1365. Susan Weber, editor, William Kent Designing Georgian Britain, New Haven and London, 2013, pp. 75-77, 528; James Lomax, ‘Silver at Castle Howard: Three Hundred Years of Investment and Fashion,’ The Art Quarterly of the NACF, no. 9, Spring 1992, p. 336. University of Nottingham

Auction archive: Lot number 831
Auction:
Datum:
14 Oct 2022
Auction house:
Sotheby's
34-35 New Bond St.
London, W1A 2AA
United Kingdom
+44 (0)20 7293 5000
+44 (0)20 7293 5989
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