Beschreibung:

Property from the Eric C. Caren CollectionWASHINGTON, GEORGE George Washington’s Farewell Address ("To the People of the United States, Friends and Fellow-Citizens") in The Salem Gazette, Vol. X, No. 537. Salem: Printed and Published by William Carlton, Tuesday, September 27, 1796 Folio, 4 pages (17 x 11 in.; 434 x 277 mm) on a full sheet of laid paper, three small woodcut vignettes among advertisements, text in four columns; disbound. The consignor has independently obtained a letter of authenticity from PSA that will accompany the lot. "Citizens by birth or choice, of a common country, that country has a right to concentrate your affections. The name of AMERICAN, which belongs to you, in your national capacity, must always exalt the just pride of patriotism, more than any appellation derived from local discriminations."Washington’s Farewell Address was first printed in Philadelphia on September 19, 1796, by David Claypoole’s American Daily Advertiser. Other newspapers quickly followed suit, including The Salem Gazette, which devoted most of eight consecutive columns across pages 2 and 3 to the historic message—obliging Carlton "to omit the Summary and many articles of Intelligence prepared for this day's Gazette. Throughout his two terms, Washington was keenly aware of the precedents he was setting for the new nation. Washington issued his Farewell Address in the form of an open letter on 17 September 1796. Despite pleas by members of the Federalist Party to seek a third term, Washington expresses his intention to retire and gives parting advice on domestic and international matters of state. Few of the precedents Washington established were as closely followed as the two-term tradition, and when it was broken by Franklin Delano Roosevelt nearly 150 years later, it prompted the passage of the 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which formally limited the presidency to two terms. A proponent of a strong national government, Washington warns against the dangers of sectionalism, and criticizes “the insidious wiles of foreign influence," referring to the pro-French sentiments of Jefferson and the Republicans. Washington’s policy during the wars between Great Britain and France in the early 1790s had been one of strict neutrality. Washington’s advice against joining a permanent alliance was heeded for more than a century and a half. Additionally, he warns against political parties and factions, cautions against too strong a military establishment, and stresses the need for good public credit: "As a very important source of strength and security, cherish public credit. One method of preserving it is to use it as sparingly as possible, avoiding occasions of expense by cultivating peace, but remembering also that timely disbursements to prepare for danger frequently prevent much greater disbursements to repel it, avoiding likewise the accumulation of debt, not only by shunning occasions of expense, but by vigorous exertion in time of peace to discharge the debts which unavoidable wars may have occasioned, not ungenerously throwing upon posterity the burden which we ourselves ought to bear." The President repeatedly stresses common cause and national unity, and in a contemporary marginal note by the statement at the top of this , a reader has remarked "Have connection with few, In Union be one."Condition ReportCondition as described in catalogue entry. The lot is sold in the condition it is in at the time of sale. The