Passport (identity) photo of Mordechai Anielewicz, commander of the Jewish Fighting Organization in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. [Poland, mid-late 1930s]. There are a few known photographs of Anielewicz, who was killed in combat with the Nazis during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising at the age of 24, but the present photograph was previously unknown. Mordechai Anielewicz (born 1919 or 1920, killed 8 May 1943) - commander of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, born in an impoverished Warsaw neighborhood, completed the "Laor" Jewish secondary school in the city and joined the Shomer HaTza'ir movement. About a week after the outbreak of World War II he fled Warsaw with a group of friends, alumni of the youth movement, who fled eastwards, assuming that was where the Polish resistance to the Germans would operate. When the territories of Eastern Poland were occupied by the Soviet Army, Anielewicz and his companions attempted to cross the border into Romania in order to create an escape route for youth on their way to Palestine, but there Anielewicz was arrested and imprisoned in a Soviet prison. After his release he returned to occupied Warsaw, continuing to Vilnius, where refugees, members of youth movements and party members from Warsaw had arrived. Anielewicz demanded from his movement comrades to send a core group of instructors into occupied German territory, in order to continue their clandestine educational and political activities; he and his girlfriend Mira Fuchrer were among the first to volunteer to return to Warsaw. Beginning in January 1940, Anielewicz became the leader of the underground "Shomer HaTza'ir" movement, organizing youth groups and instructing them, taking part in the publication of underground newspapers, managing conventions and seminars, and often travelling illegally to settlements and branches of the movement in outlying ghettoes. With the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, and following the first reports of the mass murder of Jews in the territories of the East, Anielewicz's position and interests changed, and he turned to the organization of self-defense forces in the ghetto. In 1942, as the deportations to the death camps expanded, Anielewicz travelled to Czestochowa to organize an uprising. He returned to Warsaw following reports of the Great Aktzia, during which most of the ghetto's Jews were deported, and was among the founders of the Jewish Fighting Organization (ZOB) in the Warsaw Ghetto in October 1942. Anielewicz was chosen to lead to organization, despite his military inexperience, and on 18 January 1943 he led her first battle against the Germans, who had entered the ghetto to carry out another deportation. On Passover Eve, 19 April 1943, German forces entered the ghetto and were ambushed by the rebel forces - the ZOB, the Jewish Military League (ZZW) and the Polish Resistance. On the morning of April 20th the combatants were issued an ultimatum to lay down their weapons and surrender by 10 am; the ultimatum was rejected by the ghetto defenders. On 8 May, the Germans discovered a large bunker on 18 Miła Street, which served as the ZOB's headquarters, where most of the organization's surviving leadership was staying, together with dozens of other rebels. The fighters refused to surrender to the Germans and decided to carry out a mass suicide by swallowing cyanide pills. Among the fallen was Mordechai Anielewicz. His deputy Marek Edelman, together with several dozen fighters, were able to escape to the Aryan side with the help of JCO combatant Simcha Rotem (Kazik) a few days later. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is considered the largest and most significant uprising of Jews against Nazis during the Holocaust, becoming a symbol of Jewish resistance along with the figure of Anielewicz himself, which has come to symbolize leadership, courage, and sacrifice. 4X6.5 cm. Good condition. Some stains. Slight defects to the lower side and lower reverse side. Stains to reverse.
Passport (identity) photo of Mordechai Anielewicz, commander of the Jewish Fighting Organization in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. [Poland, mid-late 1930s]. There are a few known photographs of Anielewicz, who was killed in combat with the Nazis during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising at the age of 24, but the present photograph was previously unknown. Mordechai Anielewicz (born 1919 or 1920, killed 8 May 1943) - commander of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, born in an impoverished Warsaw neighborhood, completed the "Laor" Jewish secondary school in the city and joined the Shomer HaTza'ir movement. About a week after the outbreak of World War II he fled Warsaw with a group of friends, alumni of the youth movement, who fled eastwards, assuming that was where the Polish resistance to the Germans would operate. When the territories of Eastern Poland were occupied by the Soviet Army, Anielewicz and his companions attempted to cross the border into Romania in order to create an escape route for youth on their way to Palestine, but there Anielewicz was arrested and imprisoned in a Soviet prison. After his release he returned to occupied Warsaw, continuing to Vilnius, where refugees, members of youth movements and party members from Warsaw had arrived. Anielewicz demanded from his movement comrades to send a core group of instructors into occupied German territory, in order to continue their clandestine educational and political activities; he and his girlfriend Mira Fuchrer were among the first to volunteer to return to Warsaw. Beginning in January 1940, Anielewicz became the leader of the underground "Shomer HaTza'ir" movement, organizing youth groups and instructing them, taking part in the publication of underground newspapers, managing conventions and seminars, and often travelling illegally to settlements and branches of the movement in outlying ghettoes. With the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, and following the first reports of the mass murder of Jews in the territories of the East, Anielewicz's position and interests changed, and he turned to the organization of self-defense forces in the ghetto. In 1942, as the deportations to the death camps expanded, Anielewicz travelled to Czestochowa to organize an uprising. He returned to Warsaw following reports of the Great Aktzia, during which most of the ghetto's Jews were deported, and was among the founders of the Jewish Fighting Organization (ZOB) in the Warsaw Ghetto in October 1942. Anielewicz was chosen to lead to organization, despite his military inexperience, and on 18 January 1943 he led her first battle against the Germans, who had entered the ghetto to carry out another deportation. On Passover Eve, 19 April 1943, German forces entered the ghetto and were ambushed by the rebel forces - the ZOB, the Jewish Military League (ZZW) and the Polish Resistance. On the morning of April 20th the combatants were issued an ultimatum to lay down their weapons and surrender by 10 am; the ultimatum was rejected by the ghetto defenders. On 8 May, the Germans discovered a large bunker on 18 Miła Street, which served as the ZOB's headquarters, where most of the organization's surviving leadership was staying, together with dozens of other rebels. The fighters refused to surrender to the Germans and decided to carry out a mass suicide by swallowing cyanide pills. Among the fallen was Mordechai Anielewicz. His deputy Marek Edelman, together with several dozen fighters, were able to escape to the Aryan side with the help of JCO combatant Simcha Rotem (Kazik) a few days later. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is considered the largest and most significant uprising of Jews against Nazis during the Holocaust, becoming a symbol of Jewish resistance along with the figure of Anielewicz himself, which has come to symbolize leadership, courage, and sacrifice. 4X6.5 cm. Good condition. Some stains. Slight defects to the lower side and lower reverse side. Stains to reverse.
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.jpg "Source: Christie's")
.jpg "Source: Christie's")
